Numerical Investigation of 3D Flow Properties around Finite Emergent Vegetation by Using the Two-Phase Volume of Fluid (VOF) Modeling Technique

This study predicts how the Free Surface Level (FSL) variations around finite length vegetation affect flow structure by using a numerical simulation. The volume of fluid (VOF) technique with Reynolds stress model (RSM) was used for Multizone Hexahedral meshing adopted to accurately track free surface level minimum diffusion at water–air interface. After validation, emergent patches were selected based on aspect ratio (AR = width-length ratio) under constant subcritical conditions an inland tsunami flow. results showed that generation large vortices predominated in wider > 1) due increase and decrease FSL front back compared longer ≤ 1), as this offered more resistance against approaching are favorable terms generating area low velocity patch < directly downstream patch. On other hand, it has negative impact adjacent gap region, where 14.3–34.9% observed. generate optimal within region great reduction. Moreover, all AR cases, water turbulent intensity maximum air above FSL, suggesting strong entrainment over region. important constructing layouts mitigation.